Journal Response to Cry, the Beloved Country Chapters 10-17 Article

Journal Response to Cry, the Beloved Country Chapters 10-17 - Article Example He is intimidated by the way of life in the city. Compared to the Kumalo, Msimangu understands better the evils that have bedeviled Johannesburg. However, instead of complaining, he is a mouthpiece for solutions and change. According to Msimangu, the white minority oppress the black community for fear of their power and not of their weakness. For Msisimangu, only love can overcome the fear of domination. Though the relationship between Kumalus and Msimangu is shaky in the beginning, they embrace Msimangus ideas and understand the meaning of love. Kumalo is so bitter with the situation at Ezenzelini that he says that the world is full of fear and despair. However, it is the encouragement he gets from Msimangu that reignite his hope of a better tomorrow. Msimangu encourages Kumalo, and this narrows down their differences (Paton 17). The chapter is sorrowful given that Kumalo learns of the troubled son. Moreover, the situation affects Kumalo to much he says that even fire cannot make him

Hippa and Information Technology Essay Example for Free

Hippa and Information Technology Essay In this checkpoint I will be discussing certain questions that involve HIPPA and information technology. With technology growing every single day, there are questions that are always involved when dealing with medical record issues. One question would be what advantages could a standardized medical records database offer? What HIPPA issues could arise? And why do you believe technology in the medical records management industry is so far behind other industries? These are the questions I will be answering in this checkpoint. I will start off by talking about the advantages a medical records database could offer. The main advantage of a standardized medical records database would be the convenience. To be able to locate a file with the push of a button would make work for the staff a lot faster. With paper documents it could take hours for another physician or hospital to obtain the information they would need. Another advantage would be the time it would take for a person to travel to and from their physician office to obtain their records for another facility. What HIPPA issues could arise? The main issue when dealing with medical records being online would be their patient’s information staying safe. In these days too many people are able to access sites and databases that should be secure. With people being able to hack and steal identities, this is a major problem when it comes to HIPPA issues. Another issue that could arise would be a patient not signing the forms to allow information to be posted. If a patient does not sign their name, their information should not be put online or given to any other individual. Who do you believe technology in the medical records management industry is so far behind other industries? I believe that the medical record management industry is behind others is because of security. The information that this industry deals with is very sensitive and should be protected at all costs. There are several laws that are in place to insure the protection of the patients and if any of their information were to be leaked, the facility would be in a position for legal action.

B. F. Skinner Essays -- Psychology Psychological Skinner Essays

B.F. Skinner   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  B.F. Skinner was one of the most influential theorists in modern psychology. His work was very important and has been studied by many for years. Skinner was a very straightforward man and a very educated man. His theories have helped mankind in many ways. He has studied the behavior patterns of many living organisms. Skinner was a well-published writer. His work has been published in many journals. He also has written many books on behaviorism. His most important work was the study of behaviorism.   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  First began by John B. Watson, behaviorism is one of the most widely studied theories today. B.F. Skinner and His Influence in Psychology B.F. Skinner was one of the most famous of the American psychologists. He was born in Pennsylvania in 1904. Skinner was the father of modern behaviorism. Skinner did not get into psychology until he was in graduate school at Harvard. He was driven to Psychology after reading about the experiments of Watson and Pavlov. He received his doctoral degree in three years and taught at the University of Minnesota and the University of Indiana and finally returned to his alma mater at Harvard. Skinner contributed to psychological behaviorism by performing experiments that linked behaviors with terms commonly used to describe mental states. Skinner was responsible for some famous experiments such as the â€Å"Skinner box†. Skinner also wrote some very famous books. One of them was â€Å"The Behavior of Organisms†. This book describe s the basic points of his system. Another was Walden Two. This book describes a utopian society that functions on positive reinforcement. Skinner was a very productive person until his death in 1990 at the age of 86.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Behaviorism is a school of thought in psychology that is interested in observable behavior. Skinner said, â€Å"Behaviorism is not the science of human behavior; it is the philosophy of that science.â€Å" There are various types of behavior, such as innate behavior. Innate behaviors are certain behaviors that we are born with, such as eating when we are hungry and sleeping when we are tired. Early Life Burrhus Frederic Skinner was born in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania on March 20, 1904 to William Arthur and Grace Madge Skinner. Skinner also had a younger brother named Edmond James Skinner, born November 6, 1906. At the young age of sixteen, Edmond died of a cerebral aneurysm. .    .. ...nd that behavior is modifiable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In another of Skinner’s famous works he talks about his three-part thesis on human behavior. He believed that biology, genotype, and conditioning all work together in natural selection and in the development of social environments. His life was going very well, He had a good family, two children and wife. He also had a good job teaching Psychology at his alma mater, Harvard University. Before his death in 1990 when he died at the age of 86 of leukemia that he had contracted when he was younger. Even when he was dying he still delivered a paper to the American Psychological Association. His work and theories always will be looked at and studied. B.F. Skinner was one of the most important American psychologists ever. He was known as the father of operant conditioning. Skinner’s experiments have paved the way for many ideas and theories that may be developed by future generation psychologists. He was responsible for writing many books that also have he lped in understanding behaviorism. He tried to explain how human behavior would change if the environment were manipulated. In my opinion, Skinner was one of the most well known psychologists.

Airtread Case Writeup Essay

1. Ms. Zhang wanted to keep things simple by assuming a stock purchase using the maximum amount of leverage available to conduct the merger, and she assumed that the acquisition debt could consist of a single tranche amortizing monthly over 10 years, but with bullet payment to bring AirThread’s leverage ratios in line with those of the industry. So from 2008 to 2012, the D/E ratio of AirThread would change continuously until the bullet payment is paid, so we expect to use APV valutation method from 2008 to 2012, since it is more efficient to adjust the PV of FCF than to figure out the annual WACC. From 2013, the D/E ratio of AirThread would be in line with the industry, indicating the company will rebalance its D/E ratio, so we expect to use WACC method from then on to value AirThread. 2. Before we calculate the discount rate, we need to make the following assumptions: a. Since Ms. Zhang wanted to keep things simple by assuming a stock purchase using the maximum amount of leverage available and a debt to value ratio not exceeding 50%, so we calculate the initial D/E=100% which is the maximum leverage for AirThread under this scenario. b. AirThread neither rebalanced its capital structure during 2008 and 2012, nor did it keep its debt at a fixed level. It repays its debt monthly. However, the amount of debt repaid before the end of 2012 is small compared with the total amount of debt and the total bullet payment. So when we calculate debt cost of capital from 2008 to 2012, we assume that the debt maintains at a fixed amount till the end of 2012 and the periodic payments will not have effect on the debt cost of capital. In order to use APV method to value the company from 2008 to 2012, we need to figure out the unlevered cost of asset-R(U) and cost of debt at initialization-R(D08-12) to discount the FCF back to 2007. According to Rubinstein & Ross the interest rate of the bond should be 5.5% at the initial leverage, so RD08-12=5.5%. And we expect to use the market multiples to estimate RU. We can calculate Beta(D08-12) at the initial leverage by using CAPM model. So Beta(D08-12)=1.25%/5%=0.25, at D/E=100%. However, when the capital structure of AirThread is in line with the industry, the D/E ratio is approximately 40.1%, which is less than 100%, indicating less risk in debt after 2012 when the company was in line with the industry leverage. So we assume that AirThread’s debt beta after 2012-Beta(D12-)=0.125, also we can get equity beta-Beta(E12-)=1.00 from the market multiples. Since the D/E=40.1% in market multiples, we can get Beta(U)= 0.125*40.1%/(1+40.1%)+1*1/(1+40.1%)=0.75, R(U)=(5.5%-1.25%)+0.75*5%=8%. Finally we can use R(U) to discount the FCF and use R(D08-12) to discount the interest tax shield. A detail list of inputs can be found in Sheet1. In terms of the terminal value, the discount rate=WACC-G. G is the growth rate in perpetuity, which cannot exceed the long term growth rate of US economy. The WACC is the weighted cost of capital when AirThreat keeps rebalancing the capital structure in line with the industry, the assumptions are very different from what we have made when calculating the discount rate from 2008 to 2012. So we cannot use the same discount rate to value the terminal value. 3. Compute the unlevered free cash flow and the interest tax shields from 2008 to 2012 based on estimates provided in Exhibit 1 and Exhibit 6. Based on the data provided by the case we can calculate estimated FCF which can be found in Sheet2. In calculating the ITS, we think only the interest payment can be used to calculate the ITS instead of the total payment each year. The calculation of ITS can be found in Sheet3. Free Cash Flow = EBITÃâ€"(1-tax rate) + Depreciation & Amortization – change in Net Working Capital – Capital Expenditure EBIT = Revenue – Operating Expense – COGS – SG&A – Depreciation & Amortization Among the inputs listed above, only changes in Net Working Capital is not projected with explicit figures, and assumptions concerning net working capital accounts and important related notes are listed in Sheet4.Based on our above sheets can calculation, we can arrive at the results. (in million dollar) | 2008| 2009| 2010| 2011| 2012| Free Cash Flow| 227.07| 347.38| 319.73| 326.04| 322.24| Interest Tax Shield| 80| 73| 66| 59| 56| 4. A company’s long-term growth rate is a function of return on capital and reinvestment rate, and should not exceed long-term macro economy growth rate. The return on capital represents the investment return and the reinvestment rate represents the proportional amount of capital reinvested to fulfill future growth of the company. So a better to estimate the long term growth rate is to return on capital multiplied by reinvestment rate. So, g=return on capitalÃâ€"reinvestment rate. A detailed disaggregation of this function can be fond in Function 1 in appendix. We need the long term growth rate of AirThread when its capital structure is in line with the industry and reflect the most recent performance after the merger event. So it is better to estimate the long term growth rate by using the 2012 year end projected financial statements. As we have computed the Δ NWC in Q3 and got other necessary inputs from the exhibits in case material, the only unknown data is the Total Assets of 2012. To project this number in 2012, we need to use the formula of Asset Turnover ratio. Asset Turnover ratio = Total revenue/ Total asset The total revenue of 2012, combining the Service Revenue and Equipment Revenue of 2012 in Exhibit 1, should be 6806.50. Then we compute the average growth rate of the Asset Turnover Ratio based on Table 2 and use the result to estimate the Asset Turnover Ratio of 2012, which is 1.58. Now we can estimate the total asset of 2012 with the Asset Turnover Ratio of 1.58. Total asset= 6806.50/ 1.58≈4311.1(in million). With the total asset of 2012, we can calculate the long-term growth rate=2.61%. The inputs and detailed result is list in Sheet5. Based on the 30-year GDP data of U.S (Dec.1976-Dec 2007), average nominal GDP growth rate is 7.3%, average real GDP growth rate is 3.3%, and inflation growth rate is 0.9%, so projected Future Growth Rate of AirThread should be between 0.9% and 7.3%, which support our estimate result of 2.61%. 5. A company’s total assets can be expressed as the sum of operating assets and interest tax shield assets. Under the assumptions that from 2008 to 2012 the total debt is fixed and in perpetuity the company keeps rebalancing the leverage ratio to be in line with the industry, we should use unlevered discount rate (Ru) to discount the FCF back to 2007. Terminal Value of FCF in perpetuity is estimated with the long-term growth rate calculated in Q4 and unlevered discount rate calculated in Q3: Terminal Value at 2012=FCF2012Ãâ€"(1+g)Ru=322.24Ãâ€"(1+2.61%)8%-2.61%=6,134.52 (million dollar) Value of operating assets=15FCFt(1+Ru)t+Terminal Value(1+Ru)5=5,176.58 (million dollar)

Comparative Essay

Assignment: Paragraph Response A Secret Lost in the Water & Mirror Image What is â€Å"Self-discovery†? The dictionary defines discover as â€Å"to gain sight or knowledge of (something previously unseen or unknown)†. In the short stories â€Å"A Secret Lost in the Water† and â€Å"Mirror Image†, there is a co-relation in the theme of self-discovery as well as few other similarities. Such as there are similarities, there also differences in between the two. The follwing paragraphs will discuss the topics above and bring insight on what â€Å"Self-discovery† means.In the story â€Å"Mirror Image† the protagonist, Alice, is learning how to be herself and adjust to a new body after having her brain transplanted. As the story progresses, Alice struggles to come to terms with her apperance and how she is percieved by her family and others. In particular Jenny, Alice's twin sister, finds herself jealous and some what resentful of her twins new appe arance, while Alice starts to be pleased with herself. However, after certain events occur Alice starts to have doubts in herself, but after a brief meet with the father of the girl whose body her brain was tranplanted in, Alice realizes that â€Å"Alice was here†.In the end Alice realizes that although she is in a new body, she is still has to learn to be herself. â€Å"A Secret Lost in the Water† is about a boy who is taught a skill/secret, however forgets this skill/secret once he became an adult and can be assume that regrets forgetting what was taught to him. In the beginning of the story, the boy's father approachs the boy and tells him that he will teach a skill or secret that was passed down on to him by his father. The boy leaves his village and after some time returns as an adult and discovers that he has lost the skill his father taught him.It is assumed that the man now feels regret for having forgotten this ability and discovers that perhaps it was not the ability that was important but the meaning of it, of not forgetting who you are or where you came from. Between the two short stories there is a co-relation of theme, however it is clear that there are differences within each story and theme is not the only difference/similarity. Both stories have protagonists that, in a way, lost their sense of identity and the theme in both short stories involves self-discovery.In comparison each story have different conclusions of the theme, in â€Å"Mirror Image† the protagonist some what resolves her issues, however in â€Å"A Secret Lost in the Water† it is unknown whether or not the protagonist ever resolves his issues. In both stories, one can observe that there is symbolism in the form of a mirror and an adler branch. In â€Å"A Secret Lost in the Water† the boy is taught an ability with an adler branch by his father, where as in â€Å"Mirror Image† Alice is given a mirror from her father. Both symbolize a messa ge that their fathers are trying to convey about what the protagonists seems to have forgetten about themselves.Both short stories have elements which are obvious in comparison, yet both have differences that are evident in a subtle manner. The theme of self-discovery has been apparent in both â€Å"A Secret Lost in the Water† and â€Å"Mirror Image†, and though both stories have similar elements, it can been seen that both have differences as well. Through reading both short stories and the observations shown, the reader can begin to gain some insight in to what self-discovery means. However, does anyone every truly learn who they are or is it a constant question of â€Å"who are we? â€Å". Does anyone ever truly stop re-discovering themselves?

Working in an EBL group Essays

Working in an EBL group Essays Working in an EBL group Paper Working in an EBL group Paper The other important concept in the profession of nursing is the empowerment of nurses themselves. Empowerment of nurses, like that of clients holds the importance of autonomy and independence. A nurses empowerment is mainly defined by the use of Kanters (1993) theory of organizational empowerment, where in order to feel empowered the nurse must be able to have access to information, support, resources and opportunities to grow and develop with the nursing environment (Lashinger and Wong 1999). These empowering structures have a personal effect on the nurse, causing the nurse to have more feelings of independence and self of this is during my clinical placement, nurses go on study days to help in their professional development. Empowerment of nurses also brings accountability which is ability to give explanation for ones actions. Accountability is becoming more and more detrimental to the health field and is playing a bigger role in the outcome of empowerment. Education and training is important in the process of empowering the nurse. Education causes knowledge and skill, which allow the nurse to first provide healthcare and second know the reason behind what he or she is doing, which empowers the nurse as knowledge is a precursor to feeling in control (Dooher and Byrt 2003). One of the hurdles in the empowerment of nurses is the tendency to rely on the management. One of the hindrances of empowerment is caused by hierarchy within the situation, whether it is between the client and nurse or the client and management. A further challenge resides not so much in the obstacles to achieving nurse empowerment but in the likely consequences of it. That is there are risks involved for those who are sufficiently empowered to speak up and challenge vested political and economic interests as part of a broader health promotion role (Kendel 2004). A final point worthy of consideration concerns not so much the challenge of empowering nurses, but the issue of empowering patients in a care setting, facilitating the ability for them to exert greater control over their care and decision making may not always be appropriate and desirable. In spite of the arguments, there is the underlying assumption that by acting in an empowering way, health professionals will become more effective and people will become healthier (Kendel 2004). In conclusion, nurses power may arise from three components: a workplace that has the requisite structures that promote empowerment; a psychological belief in ones ability to be empowered; and acknowledgement that there is power in the relationships and caring that nurses provide. (Jack 1995) REFLECTION on EBL Reflection has been defined by Taylor (2000) as: The throwing back of thoughts and memories, in cognitive acts such as thinking, contemplation, meditation and any other form of attentive consideration, in order to make sense of them, and so make contextually appropriate changes if they are required. In order to reflect on the process of the presentation, I will adapt the Gibbss reflective cycle. Description  As a group the concept of empowerment was given to us. A chair, a scribe and time keeper was appointed. We also divided the group into three sub group because it was a large group. On the first session, list of things was achieved which includes ground rules, different definition of empowerment, means, importance of and the pro and cons of empowerment. Each sub group was then allocated a topic to research and report back with. On the second session every sub group delivered their findings to the whole group but we still lacked the major points. These lead to delayed progression of the work. Decision was reached to use PowerPoint presentation and for each sub group to type their work and send it to the scribe. On the last session, we still lacked some major information but managed to put the whole work together. On the whole there was a lot of ideas and information but we lacked organisation. We had no time for practice run. The presentation was done but on reflection, our weakness and strengths was well acknowledged. Feelings  I often felt anxious and uncertain about what the group are expected to do. I felt that everyone wanted their piece of work to be used. I thought that the time allocated to the presentation was limited. I strongly believe that the group put a lot of time and effort into the process but did not show this at sometimes. I felt unable to assert my views, so I avoided open conflict in favour of an outwardly harmonious team. Looking back I wish I had the courage to challenge some views being expressed. According to Johns and Freshwater (2005) that the process of learning is experiential and it not on a conceptual level. Evaluation  The aims of the presentation were clearly stated. We had a clear indication of the purpose in the introduction. Although we had appropriate delivery of presentation, but it could have been developed using variation in the PowerPoint presentation. We should have assessed and looked at how the information was verbally presented. It was a good group work and we worked well to develop the contents, however material represented was often not referenced and on occasions unclear. We also had limited links to practice. Nevertheless, we provided quite a background to empowerment and overall, this proved to be a positive experience that made me learn to adapt to the circumstances around me. Analysis  Working in an EBL group helped me to develop and practice the skills of communication like listening, eye contact, tone of voice and team working that are essential for caring for patients in my practice area. Johns and Freshwater (2005) emphasis that communication group learning and guidance takes place through dialogue and the first art is listening. It helped me to make joined and collective decision making. I was able to learn how to share tasks and responsibilities. I acquired the knowledge of negotiation and reflection as a group. Through it, I learnt concept of empowerment as a whole. In relation to my clinical experience, I will be able to share information, knowledge and skills which will help me to participate in patient self empowerment and decision making. My own process of learning has improved dramatically through this process. Conclusion We could have focused more in analysing and looking at the concept of empowerment. We should have ensured that the aims identified were properly addressed and explored other variation of PowerPoint presentation. The link to practice could have also been clearly demonstrated. According to Johns and Freshwater (2005) reflecting on experience after event draws insights that may inform your future practice in a positive way. Action plan  If in the same situation, I will suggest to the group that we be less descriptive and provide more analysis of the concept of empowerment. To use a more coherent approach when presenting and allow time for practice run and communicate more. In regards to me as the chair, I will be more assertive in a different way. REFERENCES 1. Dooher, J and Byrt, R. (2003) Empowerment and the Health service User. Vol 2 Quay Books London. 2. Gibbs, G. (1994) Learning by doing: A guide to teaching and learning methods. Further education Unit. Oxford University. 3. Gibson, H.C. (1991) A concept analysis of Empowerment. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 16, 354-361. 06/04/07. 4. Jack, R. (1995) Empowerment in Community Care. Chapman and Hall. London. 5. Johns, C and Freshwater, D. (2005) Transforming Nursing through Reflective Practice. Blackwell Publishing. Oxford. 6. Kanter, H. (1993) The Theory of Organisational Empowerment. Galerie Hellingman. London.

Wage Gap Between China an Us Essays

Wage Gap Between China an Us Essays Wage Gap Between China an Us Essay Wage Gap Between China an Us Essay The importance of international trade increased dramatically for the US as well as China. The ratio of the sum of exports and imports to GDP approximately doubled from the early 1970s to the mid 2000s for the US. And there is a striking feature that China was involved in about 7% percent of world trade by the mid-2000s. There is no doubt that the international trade have influenced the wage level around the world. Do wages equalize between US and China? It is the most remarkable conclusion of the Heckscher-Olin theory that trade can equalize the price of each factor of production across countries. Nevertheless, the long-term effect didn’t complete in the real world, especially in China. On majoy trend has been a rising gap between the wages of china and US. For instance, from 2000 to the year of 2009, the average wage of Chinese to that of American decreased about %. In 1970, the two countries Per capita wage level difference for 4965 dollars. On the contrary, in 1980 it turned to be 11976 dollars, 1990 for 22885 dollars. And in year of 2000, it achieved 34166 dollars. Then there was a gradual increase in mid 2000s. And by 2010, the average wage of China is only about 6% of the minimum wage standard of US. All these data clearly prove the fact that the wage gap between China and US have increased for several years. Workers remittances and compensation of employees, paid ($ millions) | |2000 |2001 |2002 |2003 |2004 |2005 | |United States |26. 2% |30. 5% |8. 2% |0. 7% |17. 0% |8. 9% | As shown in Figure5. , China is relatively abundant in less-skilled and medium-skilled labor, and it is relatively scarce in physical capital, forest land, highly skilled labor, and arable land. But not all of China’s international trade is consistent with the Heckscher-Olin theory. The theory predicts that China will be a net importer of skilled-labor-intensive manufactured products like industrial machinery, electronic microcircuits and scientific equipment. Secondly, the theory predicts that China will be a net exporter of less-skilled-labor-intensive products like clothing, footwear, and toys. Global specialization has led to a so-called â€Å"skill-biased† trade pattern, thus there is a preference for skilled labor, which result in enlarge the wage gap between China and US. From the perspective of developed countries open up to trade with developing countries, the Heckscher-Ohlin model makes a sharp prediction. When considering about the relationship between trade and wages, we suppose that the two factors of production are skilled and unskilled labor, which Instead of capital and labor. For simplificity: Two countries: China and US Two factors: skilled and unskilled labor. China possesses a relative abundance of unskilled labor. Two goods: Skilled and unskilled labor intensive goods. H-O diagram: C. Chinese labor is undervalued One of the reasons for America and some other countries denied Chinese’ complete market economic system is that the price of labor is decided by the company rather than the market. As we known, generally, the price of labor is determined by the supply and demand in the labor market. Some economist believe that since China is abundant in labor, especially when the millions of country labor inburst into the city, the supply of labor is obviously greater than demand, keeping wage in a low level. As a result, most of the workers are in the disadvantage situation. The competition for labors is so fierce that they have to suffer the low salary in order to get the job. What’s more, since a great number of Chinese workers hold few knowledge and skill and they don’t know how to grasp their benefit and protect themselves in the labor market. As a result they have to submit to the company for living. And they have to live in a very miserable condition. One reason should be highlight is the Chinese labor union’s limited power in fighting for the labors’ benefit. Since it is less developed, we are rarely seeing what the labor union take measures today. While before it took more responsibility to deliver the Party’s policy to labors. In another aspect, all of the companies are aimed at the maximium profit, trying their best to cut costs and reduce wages. The companies are more powerful in the labor market, so the wage is decided mainly by them. In conclusion, because of the relationship in demand and supply in Chinese market, the labors’ competency, the labor union’s situation and the purpose for the company, Chinese labor has been undervalued. And this is a reason for the generation of Chinese and American wage gap. D. Technological Progress Also as we get the conclusion from the case in our book, technological progress plays an important role in increasing the wage gap between Chinese labors and American labors. The first aspect is that with the development of technology the cost and prices of some skill-intensive products decline, and the quality of these products is improved, demand for the products increases. As demand shifts toward skill-intensive products and their production increases, the demand for skilled labor expands, increasing the relative wage of skilled labor. The second aspect is the technological progress that has occurred within individual industries appears to be biased in favor of using more skilled labor. Referring to the two perspectives mentioned above, although China has been experiencing technology progress, the growth rate of it still can’t match to that of America. So the rising speed of wages in China is lower than in US, thus enlarge the gap between Chinese labors and American labors. Secondly, it is obvious that the application of technology is more widely used in US than China, so the demand of skill-intensive products of Americans is much more than Chinese. In that way, the market needs more skilled workers, resulting the salary of them increases more rapidly than that of China. E. The Deterioration of China’s Terms of Trade China ha carried out the strategy of comparative advantage in foreign trades all long, and has had great achievement on that, but bad effects also appeared such as the exacerbation of terms of trade. Another reason may be that China is an important exporter of many goods, who can influence the world price. Since China keep putting more emphasis on export and producing more and more goods for the whole world, so that the world price will fall. With a lower price and less profit, the workers’ wage may not increase or even decrease. Summary Theoretically, factor endowments theory did not consider product differences and the assumptions of the SS theorem didn’t realize. The difference of the wage levels between china and us is still huge, but china’s wage growth rate are also increase obviously. We hope that China can gradually reduce the wage gap. Although the factor price equalize theorem didn’t complete in the wage gap between China and US. However, the direction of the long run effect is likely to hold in the rest of the world. An real-world example of the tendency toward equalization is the rise in real wage in the industrializing countries of Asia( such as Singapore and South Korea) as these countries have strongly integrated themselves into world trade. Group members: Relative Factor –price Equalization: H-O-S Theorem

The Hidden Truth About Essay Writing Services

The Hidden Truth About Essay Writing Services The Hidden Truth About Essay Writing Services: What Most of Them Dont Want You to Know There are dozens of academic paper writing services on the internet at any given time. Every single one of them promises college students that they will provide them with essays, research papers, and other documents that are guaranteed to help them earn the high grades they want. The majority of these services count on a few things: Students are broke and always looking for cheapest price. Desperation over writing assignments leads to making desperate decisions. Many students will not research the claims that they make. If a writing service develops a bad reputation, they can simply close up shop and open up again under a new name. That's right! These writing services see students just like yourself as lazy, cheap, and incapable of taking a logical approach when it comes to dealing with your workload. Keep reading, if you can stomach it, to learn more about the rip-off tactics these companies use. It All Starts With Rock Bottom Pricing Essays at Pennies Per Page! Dissertations for $100 dollars! Research Papers Completed in Under an Hour – Only $25 dollars! The people in charge of marketing and advertising for these services advertise these prices because they want to attract people with extremely cheap prices. What they do not count on is that smart students might be skeptical when they see these offers. For example, how does a company survive if they only charge pennies per page to write an essay? Let's break this down. In order to deliver an original essay to a customer that is guaranteed to be acceptable to a college instructor, there are several costs that must be considered. These include: Paying the Writer Paying for Overhead and Marketing Paying for quality assurance and editing Considering that each page of an essay is likely to take at least 15 minutes to write, is it realistic to assume that this is a a realistic offer? Of course it isn't. Now, the real question, how do these writing services offer these papers at such low prices, and how do they guarantee that these papers can be written so quickly? The essays and research papers are not original. Writing services that make these rock bottom pricing claims, or who offer papers within an unrealistic period of time simply resell the same papers over and over again. What to Expect From Reputable Essay Writing Services Good essay writing services will offer discounts, but their pricing will take into consideration the following things: Writers will be college graduates and be paid a fair wage All work will original and custom written No impossible claims will be made about the amount of time that it will take to complete an essay or research paper. Here is a good rule of thumb. If you are paying less than ten dollars per page for a research paper or essay, you should be suspicious. The writing service that you are using is taking shortcuts somewhere, and those shortcuts could destroy   your academic career. How to Research Writing Services First and foremost, never do business with a writing service that makes the outrageous claims mentioned above. However, in addition to this, there are other steps that you can take to insure that you are dealing with reputable company... Make sure their website is well designed and that all links work Read customer review and commentary Ask about originality guarantees Read the blogs and other posts Of course, the best method of determining whether or not a writing service is okay, is to simply contact their customer service or sales agents to see what they have to say. If the information they provide is realistic and reliable, there is a good chance that the company behind the website is also above board.

Healthcare Consultancy description. Formal Report Essay

Healthcare Consultancy description. Formal Report - Essay Example After a thorough exercise, the consultant pinpoints the grey areas and suggests remedial measures to the management for improvement. The educational requirement for choosing this profession is a bachelor’s degree or a master's degree from a certified pharmacy school or college. The health care institution hires qualified consultants either on a full time basis or a part time basis as the case may be to seek their assistance to address the problematic areas to improve organizational efficiency and to re-organize existing structure in the light of the consultant’s recommendations. Corporate entities usually acquire the services of healthcare consultant to identify the loopholes in their system and its rectifications. However, companies that are small in size hire them when they feel it necessary or when they feel that one of the segment of the business is not performing to the desirable level. In order to streamline the things at their end, the health care business entity, hire the services of consultant to identify grey areas in their business and its possible solutions. The whole exercise requires initial research and to examine the data relating to the specific problem. The exercise in question comprised head counts, revenue generation capacity besides interviewing the existing employees of low and high profile to understand the on going problem. After completion of research, consultant has to submit his/her comprehensive report in black and white. In addition to that, an oral meeting between the client and the healthcare consultant could be fruitful provided that the findings are openly discussed in an appropriate forum. Requirements What sort of education is needed by the healthcare consultant? In general, aspirant applicant for the employment should be a bachelor or a master degree holder in his/her profession. However, the academic requirement may vary in accordance with the need of the employer. The employer prefers those degree holders (bachelor or master) who have majors like economics, marketing, human resource and business. Specialization in healthcare would be an added qualification (Education-portal.com, 2013). It is interesting to note that certification is not a mandatory requirement for the chosen career. The apex Institute offers designation to healthcare consultants who have good references and the required education. In order to keep the designation intact, healthcare consultant re-validates the certificate after every three years (Education-portal.com, 2013). There are number of educational institutions in the United States of America, which are providing online quality education. One such example is

Overriding Supreme Court Decisions Statutory Interpretation & Reaction Essay

Overriding Supreme Court Decisions Statutory Interpretation & Reaction Legislation - Essay Example Next, one must ask, what are the powers of the Supreme Court Obviously, the powers that the Congress and the Supreme Court have are going to be different. "The Supreme Court's most important responsibility is to decide cases that raise questions of constitutional interpretation. The Court decides if a law or government action violates the Constitution. This power, known as judicial review, enables the Court to invalidate both federal and state laws when they conflict with its interpretation of the Constitution."2 Secondly, what are Congressional overrides "Congressional overrides are most likely when a Supreme Court interpretation reveals an ideologically fragmented court, relies on the text's plain meaning and ignores legislative signals, and/or rejects positions taken by federal, state, or local government."3 Overrides usually occur when the meaning of a text is skewed and it was misinterpreted by the Court or not ruled on fairly. "Congress is much more likely to override 'plain meaning' decisions that any other type of Supreme Court decision."4 Further, the law requires that certain objectives are met in the reading of a text. "Applying the plain meaning of the text furthers important rule of law values, such as predictability, certainty, and objectivity."6 Usually when Congress overrides the Supreme Court, it is done quickly (usually within two years). However, sometimes the Court may misread the predilections of Congressmembers, or, rather, be cryptic in the way it tells Congress that there are problematic Constitutional issues that need to be resolved. Normally those sorts of overrides are also in a year or so and usually come with added worries that the Court is not functioning efficiently. As is bound to happen, perhaps, certain interest groups such as women and the disabled are usually the key players in Supreme Court statutory decisions. "The Court has been more conservative than Congress on issues involving civil rights. The Court's relative conservatism in civil rights cases can be attributed to the difficulty of applying old statutes and legislative history to unanticipated problems and to the Court's own strongly conservative preferences about civil rights policy. Congress' Democratic majorities have been committed to liberal civil rights enforcement"7 In the 70's, Congress tended to be leaning to the left, politically speaking, while the Supreme Court was more conservative regarding civil rights. As such, the Court generally had to deal with more overrides at that time. That tends to be the case whenever a liberal Congress is harnessed with a conservative Court. However, this is not always the case. "During the late Warren Court and early Burger Court (1967-71), the Court's preferences

The reasons behind the proliferation of electronic over print Essay

The reasons behind the proliferation of electronic over print newspapers - Essay Example The preference of the e- newspaper over the printed ones has been due to its environmental benefits. That is, the electronic newspaper "has enhanced the environmental stewardship for sustainable growth" (Cherian and Farouk 194). The electronic newspaper has enabled zero use of the paper thus a reduction in the number of trees cut down. As a result, the electronic newspaper has made it easy for the reduction of the amount of atmospheric carbon (IV) oxide through the promotion of the development of carbon sink. Its environmental benefit has made it gain more prominence in the wake of environmental sustainability. However, traditional printed products have also been involved in environmentally friendly practices like the reusing and recycling of the papers even though the practices are not a hundred percent eco- friendly. The electronic newspaper has, therefore, proven to be more proactive in conserving the environment as opposed to a print newspaper that is reactive. In addition, it pr events the chances of littering the environment using the read printed papers. For instance, the electronic newspaper prevents the paving of the subways and streets with discarded newspapers. It, therefore, offers a spirit of environmental protection and sustainability, which are critical issues for development goals.  The preference of the electronic newspaper over the print version is due to its convenience. That is, the natural factor like the wind and rainfall affect the readability of the print newspaper and can also be prevented.

International developments in accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International developments in accounting - Essay Example The historical development of accounting in India can be mainly traced along three period viz. before the colonial era, during the colonial era and in the postcolonial period. Pre-colonial period in India dates back to the time of Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa civilizations where the functions of commerce and trade started flourishing on a gradual scale. In these periods the accounting practice depended on a system of bookkeeping originally prevalent in Greece. Further documentary evidence of historical accounting systems can be found in the Smritis, which contained rules, and regulations of partnership dealings. With the emergence of the Chandragupta Empire the practice of accounting system earned huge focus with the works of Kautilya or Chanakya. Kautilya developed the treatise of ‘Arthashastra’, which depicted the different rules, regulations, and ethical conducts of accounting practices. However with the emergence of the British colonialists, India started becoming the ho me ground for rapid industrialization wherein the accounting systems became more scientifically treated to meet the complex industrial and trade demands (Hopwood & Chapman, 2008, pp.1399-1400). Colonial and post-colonial India became filled by many small groups of industries, which generally maintained records based on conservative and traditional practices. These industries generally did not feel the urge to maintain large sets of accounting records for business purposes and thus relied on traditional practices like ‘Single Entry Book Keeping’ (Mukherjee & Hanif, 2003, p.22.1). Traditional Accounting Systems in India The accounting systems in use in India during the traditional period were systematic and laid main focus on the receipt and payment system. Furthermore the practice of accounting was not conducted in an isolated manner but served a continuity of different periods. The period for which the accounts were developed varied along daily, weekly, bi-weekly, month ly or for annual periods. However in such systems the monetary transactions were not carried forward from one period to another. Separate heads were created for different nature of accounts maintained and strict governance was maintained depending on timing deadlines. Further for each of the separate transactions conducted a written record was mandatorily maintained which was produced on request. The person responsible for the keeping and maintenance of such accounting records also conducted separate audits to verify their authenticity (Sarkar, 2003, p.248). The practice of accountancy in Indian context can also be studied along the system of bookkeepings, which were prevalent in the accounting practices. The system of bookkeeping refers to the style of maintaining and recording of financial transactions under the separate books of accounts. Book keeping systems maintained in the Indian context contained of four different types of practices viz. Cash, Single Entry, Indian and Double Entry. The ‘Cash System’ of maintaining records of financial transactions is carried out in those concerns where sales and purchases are conducted only on the basis of cash. Here in case of credit transactions they are accounted at later periods when met in cash. Moreover the ‘Cash System’ of financial book keeping also depended on the maintaining of revenue and expenditure accounts to check the position of

Mexico forign policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Mexico forign policy - Essay Example n is aimed at informing the United States citizens about the violation of human rights and encouraging international organizations such as the United Nations to submit recommendations to the government of Mexico with regards to the Ayotzinapa. It is also meant to inform the rest of the world that this case has not yet been closed as the case of such cases of disappearances in the past and reach out to the President Barrack Obama for intervention. Investigations by the Mexican Attorney General offices also show the involvement of the former mayor of Iguana in the disappearances. Investigations by the Proceso magazine revealed the involvement of federal police and armed forces in the disappearances although it has not been confirmed. Analysis: according to the investigations done by the Mexico Attorney General offices and a separate investigation by Proceso magazine, there is involvement of powerful people in the disappearances of the forty-three students. The United Nations have pointed out to the poor management of President Enrique Pena Nieto’s administration but the Mexican government has rejected such accusations. Although the case was closed because of the students’ remains being burnt to ashes and dumped in a river, the citizens want to show the anti-democracy and criminal acts

The Virgin Suicides by Jeffrey Eugenides Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Virgin Suicides by Jeffrey Eugenides - Essay Example The parents were afraid of the girls’ independence, and showed signs that they wished for Victorian moralities for their daughters, for the parents were also afraid that the girls would capitalize on their budding sexuality. As these fears drove the parents to the drastic measures of virtually imprisoning the girls, and the girls’ suicide was probably a result of this decision, it can be said that the parents fears of letting the girls be independent and to experiment with boys were the key decisions that led to the girls’s suicides. Discussion One of the themes of the novel is the lack of independence of the girls, and the parents’ desperate attempt to subvert any sense of independence that the girls might have had. This is a theme that is found in the book and in life, for much has been written about how women should be weak, and docile, not strong and independent, and this apparently is what motivated the Lisbon parents. According to Simone De Beauvoir (1949) the appearance of femininity is one of docility, futility and weakness, and that â€Å"to please they must abdicate† (De Beauvoir, 1949, p. 353). This is shown by an examination of great novels, such as Little Women, The Last of the Mohicans and The Mill on the Floss. In each of these novels, the tomboyish, independent woman is pushed aside, romantically, by the protagonist boy. According to De Beauvoir, this is proof that passive, servile women are preferred to their independent sisters (De Beauvoir, 1949, p. 352). Alex de Tocqueville felt that women entered confining marriage, and that these women gave up their sense of independence â€Å"It may be said that she has learned by the use of her independence to surrender it without a struggle† (Faludi, 1991, p. 48). Another theme in the book is the tamping down of nascent sexuality. De Beauvoir contends that adolescent girls cope with the changes that are bestowed upon them by becoming the coquette, as they were i n childhood. They accomplish this by doing their makeup and hair, massaging her breasts to make them grow, and studying her smile in the mirror. This awakens an eroticism in the young girl and the young adolescent boy. However, for the adolescent boy, this awakening eroticism is a badge of honor – of â€Å"transcendence and power† (De Beauvoir, 1949, p. 349). For the adolescent girl, this awakening causes the girl to â€Å"retain a cast of shame† (De Beauvoir, 1949, p. 349). In other words, it is perfectly normal for a girl to want to become feminine and use her feminine wiles as she reaches puberty, and this was something that was denied by Mr. and Mrs. Lisbon, especially Mrs. Lisbon. At the same time, acting upon the newfound eroticism is a cause for censure. This is in line with the Lisbon’s parents’ beliefs about their daughters, for any hint of sexuality was extinguished before it could even come into fruition. The Lisbon parents made sure of this by not allowing the girls to go out with boys. There is every indication that the parents in The Virgin Suicides had these antiquated beliefs, that the girls should not have independence and should not realize their sexuality, despite the fact that the novel takes place during the early to mid 1970s. This was an era that was marked by change in the female situation – women were helping to forge anti-discrimination policies and policies regarding equal

Mexico forign policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Mexico forign policy - Essay Example n is aimed at informing the United States citizens about the violation of human rights and encouraging international organizations such as the United Nations to submit recommendations to the government of Mexico with regards to the Ayotzinapa. It is also meant to inform the rest of the world that this case has not yet been closed as the case of such cases of disappearances in the past and reach out to the President Barrack Obama for intervention. Investigations by the Mexican Attorney General offices also show the involvement of the former mayor of Iguana in the disappearances. Investigations by the Proceso magazine revealed the involvement of federal police and armed forces in the disappearances although it has not been confirmed. Analysis: according to the investigations done by the Mexico Attorney General offices and a separate investigation by Proceso magazine, there is involvement of powerful people in the disappearances of the forty-three students. The United Nations have pointed out to the poor management of President Enrique Pena Nieto’s administration but the Mexican government has rejected such accusations. Although the case was closed because of the students’ remains being burnt to ashes and dumped in a river, the citizens want to show the anti-democracy and criminal acts

Isolation, Enumeration, Identification and Confirmation of Lab Report

Isolation, Enumeration, Identification and Confirmation of Food-Poisoning Microbes from Food ( ) - Lab Report Example In our experiment we will test 10g of lettuce for presence of bacteria that presumably caused outbreak of food-poisoning in a local school. Several children have been complaining of diarrhea, abdominal pain and some have started passing blood in their stool. The lettuce was on the menu as a fresh salad 3 days earlier. We will try to conduct microbiological investigation of the bacteria that are present in the lettuce. Then we will identify if there are present any organisms that can cause food born infection. If organisms are found we will try to find the specific group of bacteria. Also we will have to calculate the concentration of these bacteria and made a conclusion if this concentration is sufficient to cause a disease. In order to test for presence for bacteria we will prepare the food sample for examination. The lettuce was placed in Maximum recovery diluent (MRD) which is an isotonic liquid that contains small concentrations of peptone and it is used to maintaining the viability of eventually present organisms in the food. We than placed the lettuce in 90ml of MRD and put it in the stomacher for 30 sec. The stomacher transforms the food sample into homogenous suspension and promotes the releasing the bacteria into the liquid medium (MRD). We than made different dilutions of the suspension (10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5 and 10-6) and inoculated them on different agar mediums. We used: Nutrition agar that was inoculated with 10-6 dilution of the suspension had 196 colony forming units, and according from the provided guidance, this dilution was used to calculate the colony forming units per gram according to the formula cfu/gram = No. of colonies x 10 x dilution factor. According to the formula the result nutrient agar produced 10140 cfu/gram. The Violet red bile glucose agar (VRBG) that was inoculated with dilution of 10-6

Risk management at wellfleet bank Essay Example for Free

Risk management at wellfleet bank Essay This case illustrates risk management in the world of corporate lending which is quite di? erent from the retail, subprime, and mortgage lending at the root of the recent banking turmoil. It is also interesting because Well? eet (actually, Standard Chartered PLC; ticker symbol: STAN) is one of the few banks which successfully weathered the 2007-2009 credit crisis. Chief executive Alastair Dowes has to decide if the risk governance process is adequate to uncover mega-risks in light of the current risk-assessment process and the credit decision regarding a bn loan application. Working for the Chief Credit O? cer (CCO) as a senior loan supervisor, you have been asked to assess and review the risks in the proposal and to make a credit recommendation, i. e. , whether Well? eet should accept the loan application or not. At the same time, you are worried about gray-area risk decisions and, in particular, the fact that risk-adjusted performance measurement can rarely be automated. Risk governance requires executives to strike a balance between risk modeling and qualitative business judgment—a holistic (rather than silo-based) view of risks. You are preparing either an executive memo to the CCO and CEO or a presentation to WellFleet’s credit committee. The following questions are meant to guide your analysis: 1. How much credit risk should banks take? What avenues do they have to manage credit risk ex ante and ex post? 2. Research the history of WellFleet = Standard Chartered. How well has Well? eet performed? Why and how has it avoided major problems in its orporate loan portfolio? Was the bank lucky or smart? 3. Analyze the risk management process at WellFleet Bank. What suggestions might you make to the CEO about improving the process? (a) What are the objectives of loan o? cers and supervisors, respectively? What about the risk management unit? (b) Are the incentives of line and risk management units aligned? Why or why not? (c) How would you organize origination and risk management activities? What risk factors drive the credit exposure to Gatwick? Analyze what a credit bet on Gatwick really amounts to. a) Download stock prices for pure gold-mining companies such as Barrick (ticker: ABX) and Newmont (ticker: NEM) as well as a gold prices and the SP 500. Calculate the instantaneous return Rit = ln PPit . it? 1 (b) Compute the correlation matrix for the 4 variables. How would you interpret the results? (c) Run a CAPM-type regression of the gold-miner’s return Rit on a constant, the SP 500 return Rmt the gold return Gt by OLS, i. e. , estimate the following model: Rit = ? + ? Rmt + ? Gt + ? t How would you interpret the results? What does it tell you about the credit exposure? 2 5. Calculate the Expected Loss, Economic Revenue and Economic Pro? t for both proposals. What would your decision regarding the two credit proposals be? Why? (a) What steps if any could Well? eet take to reduce its credit exposure to Gatwick? (b) What avenues are open to the bank to manage its credit exposure ex ante (before and in the lending process) and ex post (after the loan went onto its books)? 6. Given Well? eet’s new focus on large corporate deals and its need to recruit relationship managers from investment banks, what are the challenges for the risk culture of the organization, and its style of risk management in particular?

Waves On Pregnant Women Health And Social Care Essay

Waves On Pregnant Women Health And Social Care Essay Waves have been applied to many important procedures nowadays. In this article I am going to investigate the application of waves on pregnant women. One of the very important topics is the application of ultrasonography in prenatal checkup; therefore I would focus on this topic and discuss its principle and advantages among other different methods of prenatal checkup. Nonetheless waves do not only bring benefits to pregnant women, but also harm. There are some electromagnetic waves (or EM waves) which may be harmful to both the mothers and the fetuses, such as X-ray. Yet, will pregnant women really have an increased risk of miscarriage after having an X-ray? Recently there are also concerns about the effect of radio waves and microwaves on pregnancy. In this article I am going to investigate them one by one. Obstetric Ultrasonography Ultrasonography refers to the use of ultrasound. Ultrasound is longitudinal wave, it has the same speed as audible sound wave in air, which is 340ms-1. The main difference between audible sound wave and ultrasound is that ultrasound has a frequency beyond audible range of human, which is around 20 Hertz (20 Hz) to 20 kilohertz (20 kHz or 20,000 Hz). Normally the frequency of ultrasound used in prenatal checkup is ranged from 1.6 to 10 megahertz (MHz), depending on what structures of the fetuses are being examined. Ultrasound with lower frequency can penetrate deeper into body tissues, because the higher the frequency, the more ultrasonic waves are being absorbed instead of reflected, thus while examining deeper tissues like the liver and kidney, ultrasound with lower frequency (around 1.6-6MHz) is used. In the ultrasonography, ultrasound waves are emitted by a device called transducer. Actually the term transducer refers to a device which converts one form of energy into another, so there are lots of types of transducer. In the ultrasonography, an electroacoustic transducer is used to convert electricity to emit and receive ultrasound; therefore to be more exact, the device used is also called an ultrasound transceiver. The transducer is placed on the abdomen of the pregnant woman, the ultrasound emitted penetrates the skin and then reaches the foetus and other internal organs of the mother. The waves are then reflected back to the transceiver, the transceiver senses the waves and converts them into images. An ultrasound transceiver: http://l.b5z.net/i/u/6062479/i/transducer_tn.jpg source: http://www.chesapeakeultrasound.com/ultrasound_products An ultrasonography: http://gulfcoastmri.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/sonogram-human-foetal-fetal-ultrasound-scan-at-22-weeks-mono-1-anon.jpg Source: http://gulfcoastmri.wordpress.com/2010/06/07/obstetric-ultrasonography/ In case that the pregnant woman is in early pregnancy or obese, she can undergo transvaginal sonography, which a probe is placed in the womans vagina. Sometimes the test is also carried out if the pregnant woman has got abnormal vaginal bleeding or pelvic pain. This type of sonography has the similar principle as the ultrasonography mentioned above. Some mothers may want to see the heartbeat of their babies, they can carry out the Doppler sonography. It has basically the same principle as the ultrasonography except the ultrasound is further enhanced by Doppler Effect. Generally the fetuss heartbeat can be detected after 7 weeks of gestation, thus the blood flow of the fetus can be detected as well. The blood flows in a circulation in the body of the fetus, the Doppler sonography can thus detect the change in directions of blood flow by Doppler effect and see if the circulation is normal or not. This can be done by measuring the change in the frequency received in the transceiver. In fact there are a few more types of prenatal checkup, such as amniocentesis and chronic villus sampling. Nonetheless, the ultrasonography is the safest way for diagnosis. The ultrasonography only involves a transducer placing outside the mothers abdomen, while amniocentesis and chronic villus sampling require mechanical penetration and sampling inside the mothers uterus or abdomen, this increases the risk of miscarriage during the tests. Despite this fact, ultrasonography can only give an early diagnosis of the mothers and fetuses, it cannot treat anomalies or genetic diseases. According to the test conducted by RADIUS study group in 1993, researchers found that obtaining sonography has no significantly negative effect on reducing perinatal morbidity or mortality among the fetuses or the mothers. Moreover, the detection of anomalies actually did not alter the outcome of newborn babies. Therefore it is important to acknowledge that ultrasonography is just a test whether the fetuses are healthy, but not a treatment to anomalies. Harmful effect of X-ray X-ray is an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength ranged from 0.01 to 10 nanometers (0.01-10 x10-9m). It has a speed of 3108 ms-1 in vacuum. In fact, X-ray is commonly used in medical treatments, such as radiation therapy of cancer and medical imaging technology. X-ray is produced in an X-ray tube. In the X-ray tube, electrons are accelerated by applying a high voltage. Electrons then collide with a metal, and the sudden deceleration of electrons results in the emission of X-ray. An X-ray tube: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/imgqua/xtube.gif Source: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/xtube.html X-ray has high ionizing power, thus there are many people worrying about the harmful effects of having an X-ray diagnosis, especially pregnant women. It is true that a very high dose of radiation from X-ray may result in radiation sickness. Prolonged and continuous exposure to X-ray also increases the risk of cancer development, and in pregnant women, there may also be a risk for the fetus to develop childhood cancer or even miscarriage. Nevertheless, it seems that the harmful effects of exposing to X-ray are exaggerated. The serious harmful effects mentioned above are just the results of high dosage in a short period of time. There are different kinds of X-rays, one type is used in scanning or diagnosis, one type is used in treating cancer. The energy stored in different types of X-rays is different. For normal X-ray scanning, the dosage is extremely small. The absorbed dose of X-ray is measured in rad, which 1 rad = 1010-3 J kg-1 = 10-2 J kg-1. If a pregnant woman is having a chest X-ray, the estimated fetal dose is around 60 millirads, the dose is around 290 millirads for an abdominal X-ray. This is quite a low value, as the dose from the radiation from outer space is around 90-100 millirads. In fact, the risk of the fetus having eye abnormalities or mental retardation increases only when the dosage exceeds 10 rads, therefore it is very rare that pregnant women suffer from harmful effects by the X-ray radiation. According to the  American Academy of Family Physicians, generally X-rays are safe even for pregnant women, and according to radiologists, no single diagnostic x-ray has a radiation dose signi ficant enough to cause adverse effects in a developing embryo or fetus. Normally doctors will not ask pregnant women to undergo an X-ray scanning, unless when it is urgent and necessary. It is also suggested that pregnant women should tell the radiologists about the pregnancy, so that radiologists can adjust the radiation level to better protect the mothers and the fetuses. To conclude, many people are afraid of having X-ray scanning when they are pregnant, but in fact the risk is not that high if we compare the dosage to the exposure to outer space radiation. An X-ray film showing pregnancy: http://www.neurobodyfit.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/xray-pregnancy.jpg Source: http://www.neurobodyfit.com/x-rays-are-safe-during-pregnancy/ Concerns of radio waves and microwaves Besides X-ray, some people are concerning about the effect of radio waves and microwaves on pregnancy. In fact the effect of these two types of EM waves is even less than X-ray. There has been a study investigating the relationship between exposure of radio waves and microwaves of female physiotherapists, and the ratio of miscarriage. Due to occupational use, physiotherapists are very often exposed to medical equipment emitting microwaves diathermy and radio waves. According to the study, investigators compared the odd ratios between those pregnant physiotherapists and other pregnant women. The results showed that the risk of miscarriage was not associated with reported use of diathermy equipment, thus people need not worry too much about this issue. A microwave diathermy: http://image.ec21.com/image/medicm/oimg_GC04993002_CA04993086/Microwave_Diathermy_HM-801C.jpg Source: http://medicm.en.ec21.com/Microwave_Diathermy_HM_801C4993002_4993086.html Conclusion Waves have been widely used in medical equipment, and there are several applications of waves on pregnancy. Ultrasonography is the most common and the safest method of prenatal checkup. Though it can be used in diagnosis, it is unable to treat diseases in fetus. Many people concern about the side effects of using X-ray, microwaves and radio waves, however it is in fact very safe because the dosage of radiation is extremely small. Therefore people need not worry too much about the risk of miscarriage caused by exposure to these waves.

The Alien And Sedition Acts :: essays research papers

The debate over the Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798 revealed bitter controversies on a number of issues that had been developing since the penning of the Constitution. The writers of the document knew that over time the needs of the nation and its people would change, and therefore provided for its amendment. But by not expressly delegating powers to specific organizations, whether the federal government, state governments, or the people themselves, they inadvertently created a major problem in the years to follow: Constitutional interpretation.Shortly after the Constitution's ratification, two distinct camps formed, each believing in opposite manners of interpretation. One group, the Federalists, led by the newly appointed Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton, thought that the Constitution should be interpreted very loosely. He claimed that the Constitution contained powers other than those delegated or enumerated. These unspecified powers were implied powers. To explain these powers, Hamilton said it would be natural - or implied - that the federal government would gain control over any territory gained through conquest of purchase, although the Constitution made no mention of territorial control. In essence, Hamilton wished to use the implied powers to build a strong and authoritative central government.In 1789, the Minister to France Thomas Jefferson, to Francis Hopkinson of Pennsylvania, protesting that "I am not of the party of the federalists. But I am much farther from that of the anitfederalists." However, the situation was so sensitive that he could not help but chose a side. In 1795, Jefferson wrote to a congressman from Virginia, William Giles, that he "held "t honorable to take a firm and decided part." The group he sided with, the Democratic-Republicans, favored a strict interpretation. As their leader, Jefferson argued that all powers not enumerated by the Constitution belonged to the States. The basi s for his argument was the old English "compact" theory. This theory stated that various individuals, in this case the states, joined together in a formal agreement of government. Since the states had drawn up the contract and given power to the federal government, it should be up to them to decide who received the power, not the body they created.This debate over interpretation thus sparked one of the first and major issues that eventually led to the Alien and Sedition Acts: should a strong central government be formed (federalist desire), or should the individual states have control. And wild attacks of the ensuing debate also ignited the second issue, public defamation, which led to the Sedition Act.

Essay on Anna Quindlen’s “A Quilt of a Country” Essay

People are such disparate things, they range from black to white to boy and girl, and of all the nations on Earth, I’d have to say that America is the one country that exemplifies that the most. Unlike other normal nations, populated with a certain groups of people who hold certain types of beliefs, America is a nation made up of all the ethnicities of the world, and unlike other normal nations, the inhabitants of America don’t tend to get along very well. Anna Quindlen writes about why America shouldn’t work, yet does, in a short article titled â€Å"A Quilt of a Country.† She uses effective evidence and valid reasoning to support her thesis, and she also divides her article into two separate sections: the first designated to proving why America shouldn’t work, and the second designated to why it does work. These two in conjunction culminate into an effective argument, that proves that America shouldn’t work, and yet miraculously does. In th e first half of the article, she immediately starts by stating a part of her claim, America is a nation of conflicting and interchanging parts, and right afterwords attacks the notion it was founded on by pointing out that most people consider themselves to be better than someone else. This serves to support her claim, that America shouldn’t work, by disproving its very foundations. She then uses a historian’s quote in order to build off of and make her analogy, that America is a quilt. This analogy reinforces her claim by drawing a striking comparison between America and a quilt and helps readers interpret what she’s saying. Afterwords she says that the American consensus to treat everyone equally has failed spectacularly, and proves it by listing numerous examples of social and racial prejudice, such as the lynching of blacks and the discrimination against women. Not only does this butcher America’s foundations(again), it also makes the allusion that America is a very violent place filled with turmoil. Both of these would support the idea that America shouldn’t have worked in the first place, which is her claim. With all those examples of failure and injustice in mind, she asserts that it would be hard to explain to children why America is great, which also supports her claim because it makes another inference that America shouldn’t work. Anna’s third paragraph is dedicated to addressing a counterclaim, that the rise of ethnic-based pride has undermined unity. She argues that America has always been undermined by differences in race, and this new rise of pride has amounted to nothing. Although the counterclaim in this paragraph  doesn’t directly oppose Anna’s claim, perhaps it even supports it, the evidence and reasoning she uses supports the idea that America shouldn’t work. Quindlen’s account of past Philadelphia is a one of distaste and hostility, and her description of other cities that existed around the same time are just as bleak. Like the other pieces of evidence, these two support her claim by giving America the appearance of a country that’s in internal conflict, and shouldn’t work. She finally moves into her last paragraph in the first half, in which she first ponders the existence of this nation, and then depicts it as being filled with conflict. Her sentences in this paragraph follow a similar structure, at least in the beginning, in which she starts out with â€Å"What is the point of a nation in which†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , and proceeds to give a negative example of the denizens of America. This repetition acts t o cement the idea that America is dysfunctional, which is the core of her claim, and after the repetition stops she ends the paragraph with a change of tone, when she says that despite all of this, America still stands. This change of tone signals the transition into the second half, in which she moves on from explaining why America shouldn’t work, to why America does work. Unlike the first half, where Anna Quindlen’s tone implies that America is a collection of warring ethnicities, she changes her diction from doubtful to dumbfounded in order to better suit her goal, proving that America does work. She starts out by claiming that the reason America remains intact is a common enemy. Anna supports her reason by listing some examples of wars where we were united against a single entity, such as the cold and world wars. After that, she points out that during times where we didn’t have a nation to fight against, we were less united and more separate. She also points out that we became reunited as a result of 9/11. This supports her reason because through deductive reasoning, the reader concludes that a common enemy is what binds the people of America. These pieces of evidence suppor t her central thesis because they prove that the existence of an enemy makes us united, which would in turn make us work together and subsequently make America work better, which is her claim. In the next paragraph, however, she starts out by bringing up that most Americans still say that â€Å"The U.S. is a unique country that stands for something special in the world†, even during peace time. This would imply that there’s another reason why America’s still united, and Anna Quindlen  uses this quote to justify her next sentence. Her next sentence which depicts America in a fashion that makes it seem implausible, supports the part of her claim that says America shouldn’t work, and she also says that it somehow does, annoyingly. This aids the second half of her claim, America does work. In the last sentence, she finally states what the other reason for America working is: two strains of behavior. She says that the first strain of behavior is the hardworking psyche of Americans, and the second strain is the pilgrim-like persona of immigrants. Her support for her reason is a quote that the immigrants of a couple decades ago are just like the immigrants of today, who work hard and are subsequently making a living, which would allude to the idea that these personalities persist throughout all of America, regardless of time or space. With that in mind, it s upports her claim because it shows that we all have something in common, and therefore can become unified more easily, which makes America work better. After all of that, she moves onto her very last paragraph; her conclusion. She starts off by pondering what word best describes the people who live in America, from tolerance to pride, and then mirrors her claim by describing America as a ludicrous idea that shouldn’t work, yet does. She then says that the people of America are so varying, you could trace back the heritage to each person who died during 9/11 to every single country in the world; this analogy aids to the allusion that America is a collage of disparate and disjointed parts. Finally, in the very last sentences of the article, she draws a connection to the beginning of the article by reusing the phrases: mongrel nation, and improbable idea, and by mirroring the beginning and last statements of her article, she creates a lasting impact on the reader. Anna Quindlen’s article, â€Å"A Quilt of a Country†, uses a wide range of evidence in order to validate her reasons, from quotes to analogies to explanations, and not only are they effective, they all help support her central thesis, one way or the other. Anna also divided her article into two separate sections, in which she focused on supporting one aspect of her claim in each. This let her orientate and tune her words for a specific purpose, and not flood the reader with conflicting conclusions. In the end, Anna succeeded in proving why America shouldn’t work, yet does, and she succeeded in proving that America is composed of different, even conflicting ethnicities. People truly are such disparate things, as Anna Quindlen would agree, they range from  black to white to boy and girl, and America is the one country that exemplifies that the most. Unlike other nations, America’s truly a wonder when it works.

Constitution vs. Articles of Confederation

M. S. 226 Syed Faridi 701 3/16/13 Constitution Vs. The Articles of Confederation were the first governing policy for the United States of America and were in place from 1781-1789. However it is governing power was extremely limited. There were many differences between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution. At the end of the American Revolution the free states needed some sort of control that would generate to a unified country. Issues arose such as: How should power be divided between local and national governments? How should laws be made, and by whom?Who should be authorized to govern those laws? How could the government be designed to protect the unalienable individual rights? Their first attempt at solving this issue was the Articles of Confederation, which was a failure for the most part, but not completely. After the failure of the articles, the state delegates tried to revise the articles, but instead, constructed the Constitution. There were so many changes made and very little remained the same. The states attempted to limit the power of the national government because they feared that it would become a monarchy.In an effort to limit the power of the national government, Congress created one without enough power to govern effectively, which led to serious national and international problems. One of the main weaknesses under the Articles of Confederation was its incapability to regulate trade and levy taxes. The states controlled all of their â€Å"cash flows. † Sometimes, the states were in debt because of tariff wars that they would engage in with one another. Because of these debts, the states refused to give the national government the money it needed.Hence, the government could not pay off the debts it had gained during the revolution, including paying soldiers who had fought in the war and citizens who had provided supplies to the cause. Congress could not pass needed measures because they lacked the nine-state majority require d to become laws and couldn’t amend articles because unanimous consent of the all states was required. The states largely ignored Congress, which was powerless to enforce cooperation, and it was therefore unable to carry out its duties.The national government could not force the states to adhere to the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1783 ending the American Revolution. Foreign countries saw lack of unity in states. Because of the lack of income the national government collected, the new nation was unable to defend its borders from British and Spanish abuse because it could not pay for an army when the states would not contribute the necessary funds. The country would not get rich as a whole because states controlled all interstate commerce.States coined their own money and regulated its supply, so values of currency varied from state to state. In conclusion, In 1781 American colonists took hold to the Articles of Confederation, their first outline of democracy. The Articles set up a good base for government, but it was soon realized that it needed a lot of work. In Philadelphia a group of the most well educated and experienced men of America met to revise the Articles of Confederation. The result of this meeting was not a revised Articles of Confederation, but a new document that outlined the government we have today. This was the Constitution.

MHR week asses

Knowledge is composed of which three interrelated types? Answer Declarative, practical, and strategic Declarative, practical, and skill Compilation, automatic, and strategic Declarative, procedural, and strategic None of the above 4 points Question 2 1. Which of the following is evidence supporting the assertion that companies are investing in more training? Answer Higher net sales per employee Higher gross profits per employee Higher ratios of market to book value 80th A & 3 All of the aboveQuestion 3 1. Learning Is defined as a temporary change in cognition that results from experience and may influence behavior. A relatively permanent change In understanding and thinking that results from experience and directly influences behavior. A relatively permanent change in understanding and thinking that models a temporary change In understanding and thinking. A relatively permanent change in cognition that results from self efficacy and 1 OFF Question 4 1. In the training process model, evaluation begins at which point?Answer During the design phase. During the implementation phase. During the analysis phase. During the development phase. Question 5 1. A reason there might be conflict among HARD and ODD professionals is that the ODD practitioner Answer has a more tactical approach. Tends to be seen as overly analytical. Deals with mostly middle management. 80th A & B. 80th A & C. Question 6 1. A mechanistic design is best applied in which of the following situations? Answer Non routine technologies Small businesses High volume assembly linesWhere there are not clear answers to many of the problems that arise 4 points Question 7 1. ODD interventions could be implemented more successfully if they included training where employees Answer developed a common knowledge and skill base in the area of the intervention. Understood group dynamics and became skilled at working within groups. Understood and became skilled at using a common problem solving model. Question 8 1. T he Authors use the acronym ASK to refer to what? Keep, simple, and attitude Knowledge, skills, and attitudesKnowledge, strategy, and aptitude Know, strategy, always Question 9 are the foundations for competencies. Tests SOAK'S Strengths Motivation Skill sets Question 10 1. Which best explains the strategic training alternative of the internal provider? All or most training developed in house, each phase handled by specialists, and needs developed from a decentralized HARD function All or most training purchased from outside sources, each phase handled by specialists, and needs developed from a centralized HARD function.

Art with functions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Art with functions - Essay Example Therefore, the clarification of function depends on the context. Since, one can look at a piece of art and be able to tell its origin and time of its creation. In other instances, one tries to identify the artist, as he or she is half of the contextual equation. That is, what was the artist thinking about when he/she created the piece and to the viewer what does the piece of art mean right now, living in the moment. These factors are put in consideration before the assignment of function (Berkus 78). The function of art falls usually falls within three categories. These are physical, social and personal functions. In most cases, these three categories overlap in any given piece of art (Giovannini 235). The physical aspects of the functions of art are easy ones to deal with this is because works of art are to perform some physical functions. For example, e if one sees the Fijian war club may assume its function. However, brilliant the artisanship may be the club’s task is to perform the physical utility of smashing skulls. Another example is the Japanese Raku bowl that performs the physical functions in the tea ceremony. On the contrary, a fur- covered Dada teacup has no physical function. Art has social functions when it addresses collective aspects of life, rather than one person’s point of view. Political art usually performs this task. The fur- covered Dada teacup, which is useless for holding tea, when carried to social functions it is a protest to World War 1. In addition, satire performs social functions. William Hogarth and Francisco Goya both went this route, with different levels of success at enacting social change. In other instances, a piece of art in a community can achieve the social function of uplifting the community’s status. A Calder stabile is an outstanding example of a community’ s point of pride and a valuable treasure. The personal utilities of art are the most complex to explain because they are many and

British Constitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

British Constitution - Essay Example The Blacks Law Dictionary is particularly elaborate giving the specifics of a constitution. According to the Blacks Law Dictionary, definition of constitution the British constitution applies to this definition to some smaller extent. Most nations have written constitutions, such as constitutions of most modern democracies. The constitution of Britain, by contrast, is unwritten or uncodified. Its traditions are informal and based on several different laws. Unlike other democracies, Britain has no official document that explains the governance of the nation. The lack of a written document links to the British history. Britain never experienced a revolution like other countries, and never had any regime change. Because of this, their constitution continued to evolve for such a long time and this combined with the relative stability of Britain, development of a constitution never occurred. Experts pertaining to constitution usually refer to several laws, treaties and conventions, which they compile to make up a constitution. The several compilations that make up a constitutio n include Acts of Parliament, Treaties, conventions, Royal prerogative, works of authority, European Union law and the Common law. Their constitution is by standards less democratic, not intelligible and not accountable enough to govern a country in the modern democratic world (KING, 2009). Unlike constitutions of most democracies that dictate distribution of power to various organs, in Britain such power resides in the arms of the crown. Power that is unlimited and unaccountable derives from the crown where the queen exercises some of it and most of it by the government. The queen exercises four constitutional powers. These are only limited to her, and nobody can exercise them on behalf of her. They include the power to chose and appoint the countries prime minister, the power to dissolve a sitting parliament, dismissal of government and the power to withhold royal assent to legislation

My Legends Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

My Legends - Essay Example What happened to me in sixth grade was just a spot of my bad history the real beginning was in junior high school. After graduating from primary school, I went to the fourth junior high school in the city. This was the best school in my hometown, but it was also famous for bad boys and girls. Most bad students from my city came to this school. There were three grades and I made several new friends who always wanted to play. I usually go with them and we played together every day. In China, we can’t smoke and go to the entertainment places. However, I started to smoke and was able to go to internet clubs with them. Sometimes we fight with other students for any reason, so some students were scared of us and treated us as bad guys, but we were not the worst students. Even though I always did bad things, my grade was a little good. I was good at English and Math, and I always got in the first three ranks. At the same time my parents began to work on their own company, so they har dly had time for me, and I started to behave worse. Actually, I thought I would have a party time without my parents’ control over me, but it didn’t take long. One day, I went to the internet club, as usual, not knowing that my mother followed me;. she criticized me and pulled me home. As a punishment, my parents made me kneel for three hours to reflect on what I did. Another occasion, my father learned from his friend that I also involved myself in fighting in the streets, so I was again punished for it.

Knowing Your Audience Paper and Communication Release Essay - 2

Knowing Your Audience Paper and Communication Release - Essay Example As the whole event unfolded, the company took the action of keeping the families, friends, and the employees informed about the condition of the victims, at one point a video was played showing their condition; they were able to sing the national anthem. The constant communication relayed to the people was very important as it kept them with high hopes. The government presence also played a major role, as the workers were assured of government protection. Keywords: Audience, Communication, Mines, Report, Victims, Memo, Accident, Family, Friends, Employees, Protection, Expectation, Hope, Information Considerations to remember given different roles and the audiences According to Lundgren and McMakin (2013), one cannot communicate unless he or she knows the audience with whom to pass the message. It is a noble thing to know the audience to avoid limiting oneself to one form of communication. In this case of trapped miners, the audience comprise of the families, friends, workmates, and t he entire nation. All are very much depressed and hopeless; therefore, the information required is the one that will give them hope and expectation. They characteristics the information should have are highlighted as follows: The message delivered should carry a lot of hope and encouragement, and ensure the drafted information to be released should meet the people’s expectations, and to a larger extent, be persuasive and convincing. This will calm the people’s emotions. Communication given must outline the effort carried out to salvage the lives of the victims. It should also be timely; that is to say, the report should be released to the people early and updates given most frequently. This will enable the people to track the progress of the operation. The method of revealing information to the people should be carefully considered amongst the many forms like, face to face, written memos, emails, and press releases. The well chosen form should be the one that will reac h the targeted audience conveniently, in time, and provide a means of dialogue, if appropriate. For the case of San_Jos mines accident, psychologists had to review the video that was due to be revealed to the people. Potential need of the family members It should be noted that in such incidents, the families of the victims are the most traumatized audience, and at such moments, their great desire is to get the report concerning the well being of their loved ones. The first thing they would want to hear is that their loved ones are alive. According to the New York Times ( â€Å" Chile Mining Incident (2010),† 2011), during the rescue process, a modified telephone was provided to the trapped victims, they were thus able to sing their National anthem, and this caused a lot of jubilation amongst their relatives. This outlines that their key need is to know that they are alive. Another important requirement by the relatives is assurance in the rescue process; they would like the m atter be handled timely and their trapped relatives to come out alive. Potential needs of the employees The employees would like to know how the company has responded to the accident. They want their workmates be rescued, and they also want to know how the company is prepared to respond to such calamities, since they are much aware that they are in a similar risk. Additionally, their requirement is to see that the victims receive compensation from the company and that their job

Business decision making Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business decision making - Assignment Example Decision making process is a very significant function to any company that must attain success in the market. It stipulates the areas that the company can easily penetrate in the market without enormous incurrence on costs and any impending risks. Data collection is the approach that wills open doors for such a company to make an adequate decision from the analysis they arrive at as per the data segments (Carroll, 2008). In this paper is stipulated that data analysis is a significant faction which every company ought to adopt. The report revolves around a fashion industry selling fashion clothes, shoes, jeans and other related fashion components whose main target is the youth generation. It possesses a challenge since the youths are dynamics in their desires, this call for constant review of its products to meet the demand of its market segment. A group comprising of 20 youths is sampled from Coventry region who are interviewed on a major market trends about fashion and their take on how fashion impacts the development of new products in the market. Their involvement in the changes is the key factor that is considered (Bazerman& Moore, 2013). Decisions amount to the most significant components to business in the market regardless of its current position. For a business to start it must involve decision making processes and growing business must always apply different decisions for its growth purposes, otherwise growth and start-up will never be met. An agglomeration of factors must be taken into consideration on the particular field of the company. A company ought to ask such questions like what is my market size. What is the market trend? Who are my consumers? What is the market perception? Among other critical questions which will drive the company to undertake proper steps. Quality, quantity, location, size and other structural characteristics are influenced by the decisions made by management in a company (Teale,

Narrative Structure Essay Example for Free

Narrative Structure Essay The simple folksy dialogue between the two younger siblings hazel and George is very effective in downplaying their intelligence. With lines such as â€Å"that was doozy† or when George explains the sound he heard by saying â€Å" sounded like somebody hitting a milk bottle with a ball peen hammer† George being so above average in intelligence has a mental handicap radio in his ear that beeps every 20 seconds in order to prevent him from taking unfair advantage of his thoughts. These conversations are simple and believable despite the absurd 20 second beeping George must experience, Vonnegut does not have to say this is absurd as it is interpreted by readers through dialogue. The story follows diachronic order, Harrison is taken away from his family, then escapes jail and declares himself emperor, is shot down by Diana Moon Glampers and the story ends with the Bergerons watching this all on TV yet displaying not emotions to their death of their own son with the exception of Hazel’s tears although she herself has no idea why she is crying. Synchronic order is not common as the story aims to focus Narrative Structure See more: what is narrative writing The simple folksy dialogue between the two younger siblings hazel and George is very effective in downplaying their intelligence. With lines such as â€Å"that was doozy† or when George explains the sound he heard by saying â€Å" sounded like somebody hitting a milk bottle with a ball peen hammer† George being so above average in intelligence has a mental handicap radio in his ear that beeps every 20 seconds in order to prevent him from taking unfair advantage of his thoughts. These conversations are simple and believable despite the absurd 20 second beeping George must experience, Vonnegut does not have to say this is absurd as it is interpreted by readers through dialogue. The story follows diachronic order, Harrison is taken away from his family, then escapes jail and declares himself emperor, is shot down by Diana Moon Glampers and the story ends with the Bergerons watching this all on TV yet displaying not emotions to their death of their own son with the exception of Hazel’s tears although she herself has no idea why she is crying. Synchronic order is not common as the story aims to focus Kurt Vonnegut’s short story â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† both mimics and satirizes the way Americans came to see the enemy – socialism/communism and, specifically the Soviet Union during the cold war, which peaked at its height of distrust and fear in the late 1950-60’s during which this story was written. It explores the theory of â€Å"tall poppy syndrome†, when people of brilliance or exceptional ability are brought down, criticized or cut due to the idea humans are unable to accept someone else being placed on a higher pedestal. As the story’s main concept is enforcing equality among all human beings by giving those with better traits handicaps in order to create a balanced level of intelligence and beauty among all. The short story draws upon a controversial speech made by Newton Minow titled â€Å"The Vast Wasteland† in it he explained that instead of challenging people to think, television programming was making it easier for people to avoid serious thought. Within the story of Harrison Bergeron television is used as a time filler, a method of preventing average people from thinking, similar to Minow’s description. Kurt Vonnegut’s short story â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† both mimics and satirizes the way Americans came to see the enemy – socialism/communism and, specifically the Soviet Union during the cold war, which peaked at its height of distrust and fear in the late 1950-60’s during which this story was written. It explores the theory of â€Å"tall poppy syndrome†, when people of brilliance or exceptional ability are brought down, criticized or cut due to the idea humans are unable to accept someone else being placed on a higher pedestal. As the story’s main concept is enforcing equality among all human beings by giving those with better traits handicaps in order to create a balanced level of intelligence and beauty among all. The short story draws upon a controversial speech made by Newton Minow titled â€Å"The Vast Wasteland† in it he explained that instead of challenging people to think, television programming was making it easier for people to avoid serious thought. Within the story of Harrison Bergeron television is used as a time filler, a method of preventing average people from thinking, similar to Minow’s description. Due to the amount of speech within the narrative analepsis is rarely used, however prolepsis is seen at the beginning of the story in the introduction where it reads â€Å" THE YEAR WAS 2081, and everybody was finally equal† and through the line â€Å"some things about the living still weren’t quite right though†/ As both these lines have significant meaning to the conflict that is about to arise. Both of these being â€Å"proleptic† details. The story follows a diagetic sequence and has lineal progression. The narrator begins the story with informing readers that the human race has come to live in equality yet then reveals how this equality leads to the conflict created by Harrison Bergeron and so on leads to his escape and murder one event following the other. Due to the amount of speech within the narrative analepsis is rarely used, however prolepsis is seen at the beginning of the story in the introduction where it reads â€Å" THE YEAR WAS 2081, and everybody was finally equal† and through the line â€Å"some things about the living still weren’t quite right though†/ As both these lines have significant meaning to the conflict that is about to arise. Both of these being â€Å"proleptic† details. The story follows a diagetic sequence and has lineal progression. The narrator begins the story with informing readers that the human race has come to live in equality yet then reveals how this equality leads to the conflict created by Harrison Bergeron and so on leads to his escape and murder one event following the other. on the achievement of equality among all in the current year 2081 and not reflect on the past where social order and class were present. Aspects that had previously â€Å"ruined† society. We are introduced to the primary narrative through the line â€Å" THE YEAR WAS 2081, and everybody was finally equal†. Providing readers with the concept that equality has been achieved, the secondary narrative embedded within the story would be the tale of Harrison Bergeron, who strives to change the perspective that all humans must live accordingly by escaping jail and declaring that he is to be emperor, placing himself upon a pedestal above others. The narrative is single ended as we finish on a conversation between Hazel and George rather than re-visiting the beginning of the narrative and further explaining how equality had come to be achieved. on the achievement of equality among all in the current year 2081 and not reflect on the past where social order and class were present. Aspects that had previously â€Å"ruined† society. We are introduced to the primary narrative through the line â€Å" THE YEAR WAS 2081, and everybody was finally equal†. Providing readers with the concept that equality has been achieved, the secondary narrative embedded within the story would be the tale of Harrison Bergeron, who strives to change the perspective that all humans must live accordingly by escaping jail and declaring that he is to be emperor, placing himself upon a pedestal above others. The narrative is single ended as we finish on a conversation between Hazel and George rather than re-visiting the beginning of the narrative and further explaining how equality had come to be achieved. * Harrison Bergeron: possess intelligence so immense that at the beginning of the story the Handicapper General has him arrested on suspicion of â€Å"plotting to overthrow the government†. Harrison’s actions suggest an ironic theme: corruptive power. Following his escape Harrison repeats government errors by establishing himself as emperor. Had his death not occurred these acts of rebellion would send society back to the â€Å"dark ages† of social and individual competition. * George Bergeron: Harrisons father bears a number of handicaps that suppress his above average intelligence. He refuses to remove any of them abiding by the law as he believes any attempt to alter life as it is will cause civilization to regress back to times of war and argument due to difference between human beings. * Hazel Bergeron- Harrisons mother does not wear any handicaps, as she possesses â€Å"normal† intelligence, appearance and strength. In this story however â€Å"normal† means one is incompetent or unable to fathom anything beyond that which is superficial. Her dialogue with her husband makes reference towards the comedic team of George Burns and Gracie Allen a comedy show from which Vonnegut was said to have learnt all his social and political idealisms from. * Diana Moon Glampers- The United States handicapper kills Harrison Bergeron by shotgun as he threatens to disrupt civilization. She ruthlessly maintains law and order without due process. A lot of the story takes place in what is unsaid and can be read between the lines and subtle dialogues of the main characters. When Hazel Bergeron said, I think Id make a good Handicapper General , her husband replied, Good as anybody else. The reader will surmise that meant it quite literally because in the story everyone is equal, so the idea of being better than anyone else, of competition, was nonexistent. This is an example of Explict characterization. * Harrison Bergeron: possess intelligence so immense that at the beginning of the story the Handicapper General has him arrested on suspicion of â€Å"plotting to overthrow the government†. Harrison’s actions suggest an ironic theme: corruptive power. Following his escape Harrison repeats government errors by establishing himself as emperor. Had his death not occurred these acts of rebellion would send society back to the â€Å"dark ages† of social and individual competition. * George Bergeron: Harrisons father bears a number of handicaps that suppress his above average intelligence. He refuses to remove any of them abiding by the law as he believes any attempt to alter life as it is will cause civilization to regress back to times of war and argument due to difference between human beings. * Hazel Bergeron- Harrisons mother does not wear any handicaps, as she possesses â€Å"normal† intelligence, appearance and strength. In this story however â€Å"normal† means one is incompetent or unable to fathom anything beyond that which is superficial. Her dialogue with her husband makes reference towards the comedic team of George Burns and Gracie Allen a comedy show from which Vonnegut was said to have learnt all his social and political idealisms from. * Diana Moon Glampers- The United States handicapper kills Harrison Bergeron by shotgun as he threatens to disrupt civilization. She ruthlessly maintains law and order without due process. A lot of the story takes place in what is unsaid and can be read between the lines and subtle dialogues of the main characters. When Hazel Bergeron said, I think Id make a good Handicapper General , her husband replied, Good as anybody else. The reader will surmise that meant it quite literally because in the story everyone is equal, so the idea of being better than anyone else, of competition, was nonexistent. This is an example of Explict characterization. Characterization Characterization Story is told in third-person limited point of view, the narrator is not a character within the story but is privy to the thoughts of one character. He is a â€Å"covert† narrator, un-identified yet still able to narrate the thoughts and feelings of characters. The narrator does not draw conclusion, make decisions or make judgments about the events. The objectivity of the narrator suggests a distancing from the hostile world of the story. The narration is heterodiegtic, an omniscient narrator meaning he has a detailed overview of what is happening in the story at the present time as well as an insight into the thoughts and feelings of other characters. Internal and External focalization are both present throughout the narrative. Internal focalization is seen through George: â€Å" he tried to think a little about the ballerinas. They weren’t really any better than anyone else would have been anyway†. External focalization is seen through the television announcer: â€Å"and she had to apologize for her voice at once, which was a very unfair voice for a women to use. Her voice was a warm luminous timeless melody†. This short story is both mimetic and diegetic, an example of diegesis would be â€Å" TH YEARS WAS 2081, and everybody was finally equal†. As it summarizes the events leading to the major concept of equality. An example of mimesis would be â€Å"nobody was smarter than anybody else. Nobody was better looking than anybody else. Nobody was stronger or quicker than anybody else. The narrator is reliable third person, omniscient. Story is told in third-person limited point of view, the narrator is not a character within the story but is privy to the thoughts of one character. He is a â€Å"covert† narrator, un-identified yet still able to narrate the thoughts and feelings of characters. The narrator does not draw conclusion, make decisions or make judgments about the events. The objectivity of the narrator suggests a distancing from the hostile world of the story. The narration is heterodiegtic, an omniscient narrator meaning he has a detailed overview of what is happening in the story at the present time as well as an insight into the thoughts and feelings of other characters. Internal and External focalization are both present throughout the narrative. Internal focalization is seen through George: â€Å" he tried to think a little about the ballerinas. They weren’t really any better than anyone else would have been anyway†. External focalization is seen through the television announcer: â€Å"and she had to apologize for her voice at once, which was a very unfair voice for a women to use. Her voice was a warm luminous timeless melody†. This short story is both mimetic and diegetic, an example of diegesis would be â€Å" TH YEARS WAS 2081, and everybody was finally equal†. As it summarizes the events leading to the major concept of equality. An example of mimesis would be â€Å"nobody was smarter than anybody else. Nobody was better looking than anybody else. Nobody was stronger or quicker than anybody else. Strength, talent, brains and beauty to a common standard. It seems today everyone wishes to be like someone else, everyone wants to be accepted and people will go to extremities to do this. One common factor is working out. Gyms are continually advertised everywhere, owning your own gym equipment is affordable and physical education is a required subject throughout school. We are attracted to strength because it is needed to survive. Yet it is not because we need strength that we are attracted to it vanity plays a large part. TV shows such as â€Å"Biggest Loser† and â€Å"Survivour† reward those who help you reach your standard of beauty , and although we do not place handicaps on those who are stronger we have created the desire for everyone to beequal in the area. It might not be the same as weighting everybody down to be equally â€Å"bad,† but enhancing everybody to make them equally â€Å"good† is still removing diversity; it is still conformity, only, perhaps, in a more pleasing way. Strength, talent, brains and beauty to a common standard. It seems today everyone wishes to be like someone else, everyone wants to be accepted and people will go to extremities to do this. One common factor is working out. Gyms are continually advertised everywhere, owning your own gym equipment is affordable and physical education is a required subject throughout school. We are attracted to strength because it is needed to survive. Yet it is not because we need strength that we are attracted to it vanity plays a large part. TV shows such as â€Å"Biggest Loser† and â€Å"Survivour† reward those who help you reach your standard of beauty , and although we do not place handicaps on those who are stronger we have created the desire for everyone to beequal in the area. It might not be the same as weighting everybody down to be equally â€Å"bad,† but enhancing everybody to make them equally â€Å"good† is still removing diversity; it is still conformity, only, perhaps, in a more pleasing way. Values and Morals The values and morals expressed in Harrison Bergeron are those that surround us daily. For example some schools play down the dumbest in order to pass the most, and in the process neglect the brightest, denying them the full advantages of their education and compromising their future. Society nowadays is conforming our strength Values and Morals The values and morals expressed in Harrison Bergeron are those that surround us daily. For example some schools play down the dumbest in order to pass the most, and in the process neglect the brightest, denying them the full advantages of their education and compromising their future. Society nowadays is conforming our strength Nunc urna lorem, gravida vel, sollicitudin in, dignissim in, nunc Nunc urna lorem, gravida vel, sollicitudin in, dignissim in, nunc Etiam pharetra, elit a aliquam ultrices, nisl quam viverra felis, non tincidunt eros leo non sapien. Pellentesque pretium nunc id nunc. Phasellus eget felis. Mauris euismod, velit nec facilisis gravida, tortor justo consectetuer diam, id venenatis diam orci vel leo. Suspendisse ut massa et lacus faucibus imperdiet. Nulla felis orci, iaculis sed, euismod ac, egestas in, odio. Suspendisse consequat velit eu enim. Quisque quis nisl. Cras ac libero varius dui porta nonummy. Duis tincidunt, quam vitae cursus aliquet, nisi arcu consectetuer orci, vitae condimentum dui nisi quis diam. Aliquam erat volutpat. Morbi sodales. Cras commodo, purus et tempor mollis, orci est venenatis tortor, in rutrum nibh neque sed purus. Aenean leo ante, commodo non, molestie id, fringilla sit amet, dui. Ut a mi. Nulla nisi nisi, blandit non, sollicitudin non, faucibus sed, ante. Nullam vitae libero. Nulla posuere, augue a gravida molestie, leo tellus euismod lorem, ut suscipit nisl tortor interdum arcu. Duis leo nunc, congue in, aliquet ac, pretium sagittis, elit. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Phasellus in sem. Curabitur auctor fermentum elit. Fusce et dolor. Cras pretium nonummy justo. Vivamus pretium, massa et consequat consectetuer, massa nisi ullamcorper lectus, et luctus magna sem in velit. Cras egestas. Integer neque. Fusce sapien turpis, vulputate a, fermentum a, porta in, massa. Cras at quam. Donec hendrerit volutpat leo. Praesent lobortis. Morbi tincidunt mollis dolor. Nulla malesuada, tortor ut auctor pulvinar, ligula felis ultricies pede, et porttitor mi purus tristique mi. Vestibulum nec nisl sed odio semper auctor. Curabitur convallis elit id augue sollicitudin mattis. Sed ipsum. Sed in leo non nisl sollicitudin faucibus. Aliquam pharetra semper arcu. Proin ut ante. Integer consequat sapien quis nunc convallis posuere. Vestibulum in nunc a risus laoreet tempus. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. In consectetuer ligula ac tellus. Phasellus sit amet tortor. Nunc ultricies, orci ac placerat iaculis, neque ligula sodales metus, vel sollicitudin nibh sem ac lacus. Aenean iaculis. Quisque vitae nibh. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque tortor ligula, elementum sed, facilisis ut, auctor vitae, erat. Cras in justo nec ipsum vulputate faucibus. Integer consequat augue ut dolor. Fusce congue. Nam ut enim nec velit tincidunt posuere. Vivamus dui. Vestibulum sagittis rutrum justo. Donec vel velit elementum diam consectetuer lobortis. Nunc hendrerit, leo in sodales ornare, nisi dolor ullamcorper felis, vel sollicitudin enim ipsum sed nulla. Donec sit amet urna non augue pellentesque fermentum. Cras varius risus auctor tellus. Vivamus venenatis tincidunt ligula. Praesent a turpis. Duis tempus, lorem eget imperdiet condimentum, magna mauris ornare turpis, vitae dapibus pede sem lacinia sapien. Nulla ut eros eu nisi suscipit sodales. Suspendisse lobortis. Vestibulum accumsan ante id erat. Etiam pharetra, elit a aliquam ultrices, nisl quam viverra felis, non tincidunt eros leo non sapien. Pellentesque pretium nunc id nunc. Phasellus eget felis. Mauris euismod, velit nec facilisis gravida, tortor justo consectetuer diam, id venenatis diam orci vel leo. Suspendisse ut massa et lacus faucibus imperdiet. Nulla felis orci, iaculis sed, euismod ac, egestas in, odio. Suspendisse consequat velit eu enim. Quisque quis nisl. Cras ac libero varius dui porta nonummy. Duis tincidunt, quam vitae cursus aliquet, nisi arcu consectetuer orci, vitae condimentum dui nisi quis diam. Aliquam erat volutpat. Morbi sodales. Cras commodo, purus et tempor mollis, orci est venenatis tortor, in rutrum nibh neque sed purus. Aenean leo ante, commodo non, molestie id, fringilla sit amet, dui. Ut a mi. Nulla nisi nisi, blandit non, sollicitudin non, faucibus sed, ante. Nullam vitae libero. Nulla posuere, augue a gravida molestie, leo tellus euismod lorem, ut suscipit nisl tortor interdum arcu. Duis leo nunc, congue in, aliquet ac, pretium sagittis, elit. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Phasellus in sem. Curabitur auctor fermentum elit. Fusce et dolor. Cras pretium nonummy justo. Vivamus pretium, massa et consequat consectetuer, massa nisi ullamcorper lectus, et luctus magna sem in velit. Cras egestas. Integer neque. Fusce sapien turpis, vulputate a, fermentum a, porta in, massa. Cras at quam. Donec hendrerit volutpat leo. Praesent lobortis. Morbi tincidunt mollis dolor. Nulla malesuada, tortor ut auctor pulvinar, ligula felis ultricies pede, et porttitor mi purus tristique mi. Vestibulum nec nisl sed odio semper auctor. Curabitur convallis elit id augue sollicitudin mattis. Sed ipsum. Sed in leo non nisl sollicitudin faucibus. Aliquam pharetra semper arcu. Proin ut ante. Integer consequat sapien quis nunc convallis posuere. Vestibulum in nunc a risus laoreet tempus. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. In consectetuer ligula ac tellus. Phasellus sit amet tortor. Nunc ultricies, orci ac placerat iaculis, neque ligula sodales metus, vel sollicitudin nibh sem ac lacus. Aenean iaculis. Quisque vitae nibh. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Quisque tortor ligula, elementum sed, facilisis ut, auctor vitae, erat. Cras in justo nec ipsum vulputate faucibus. Integer consequat augue ut dolor. Fusce congue. Nam ut enim nec velit tincidunt posuere. Vivamus dui. Vestibulum sagittis rutrum justo. Donec vel velit elementum diam consectetuer lobortis. Nunc hendrerit, leo in sodales ornare, nisi dolor ullamcorper felis, vel sollicitudin enim ipsum sed nulla. Donec sit amet urna non augue pellentesque fermentum. Cras varius risus auctor tellus. Vivamus venenatis tincidunt ligula. Praesent a turpis. Duis tempus, lorem eget imperdiet condimentum, magna mauris ornare turpis, vitae dapibus pede sem lacinia sapien. Nulla ut eros eu nisi suscipit sodales. Suspendisse lobortis. Vestibulum accumsan ante id erat. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; In vestibulum accumsan quam. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Fusce vitae ipsum vehicula neque vehicula mattis. Pellentesque bibendum scelerisque ligula. Nulla ut nisl at nulla condimentum facilisis. Etiam commodo nulla non turpis. Sed a justo. Aenean gravida. Vestibulum ante ipsum primis in faucibus orci luctus et ultrices posuere cubilia Curae; In vestibulum accumsan quam. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Fusce vitae ipsum vehicula neque vehicula mattis. Pellentesque bibendum scelerisque ligula. Nulla ut nisl at nulla condimentum facilisis. Etiam commodo nulla non turpis. Sed a justo. Aenean gravida. Suspendisse potenti!